In the past two decades, several pandemics have ravaged the globe, giving us several lessons on infectious disease epidemiology, the importance of initial detection and characterization of outbreak viruses, the importance of viral epidemic prevention steps, and the importance of modern vaccines. Pandemic Outbreaks in the Twenty-First Century: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment summarizes the improvements in the 21st century to overcome / prevent / treat global pandemic with future prospective. Divided into 9 chapters, the book begins with an in-depth introduction to the lessons learned from the first pandemic of the 21st century. It describes the history, present and future in terms of detection, prevention and treatment. Followed by chapters on the outbreak, treatment strategies and clinical management of several infectious diseases like MERS, SARD and COVID 19, Pandemic Outbreaks in the Twenty-First Century: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment, presents chapters on immunotherapies and vaccine technologies to combat pandemic outbreak and challenges. The book finishes with a chapter on the current knowledge and technology to control pandemic outbreaks. All are presented in a practical short format, making this volume a valuable resource for very broad academic audience.

Recent Developments in Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry, Vol. 2, provides a comprehensive treatment and understanding on application oriented microbial concepts, giving readers insights into recent developments in microbial biotechnology and medical, agricultural and environmental microbiology.

Recent Developments in Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry provides a comprehensive treatment and understanding on application oriented microbial concepts, giving readers insights into recent developments in microbial biotechnology and medical, agricultural and environmental microbiology.

Biotechnological conversion of cellulosic biomass is potentially sustainable approach to develop novel bioprocesses and products. Microbial cellulases have become the focal biocatalysts due to their complex nature and wide spread industrial applications. In addition, cellulase production is the most important step in the economical production of ethanol, SCP and other chemicals from renewable cellulosic materials. To date, the production of cellulase has been widely studied in submerged culture processes, but the relatively high cost of enzyme production has hindered the industrial application of cellulose bioconversion. It has been reported that solid state fermentation is an attractive process to produce cellulase economically due to its lower capital investment and lower operating expenses. In this book, authors experimentally analyzed and illustrated the suitability of locally available cheap agro-residues as solid supports for the growth of A. niger in solid state fermentation for production of cellulolytic enzymes. In addition, a variety of leachate methods for maximum recovery of enzyme from the solid-state fermentation of bran were explained in this book.

Dr. Buddolla Viswanath successfully completed Master Programme in 2001 in First class from Sir Krishnadevaraya University, India. He entered into research course in 2001 in the Karnatak University, Dharwad, India and carried out research leading to the award of M.Phil degree in 2003. Afterwards author joined in Microbiology department of Sri Krishnadevaraya University for his Doctoral programme on "Production, purification and characterization of laccase from Stereum ostrea" under the guidance of Prof. B.R. Reddy and has been awarded Ph.D. degree in January 2008. During his doctoral program he received Junior and Senior Research Fellowships from the University Grants Commission, New Delhi. Some of the results of his studies are presented in International and National symposia. He was Postdoctoral fellow during 2008 to 2009 at Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa. The author is currently working as an Assistant Professor in Environmental Sciences at Global college of Engineering and Technology, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India. The author has more than 10 papers, 1 book and 1 chapter in diverse fields to his credit.